Management 101 Essay Example

Management 101 Essay This subject is concerned with principles of managing business organisations. Management is important to organisations? business and survival.The dynamic nature of today? s organisations means that managers require certain knowledge, skills and competencies to manage organisations effectively. The aim of this subject is to provide students with an introduction and overview of management within organisations. The subject will examine management principles, concepts and theories of management, and give students an appreciation and understanding of various challenges facing managers in organisations in today? competitive global environment. OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this subject, students should be able to: ? ? ? ? understand and critically discuss the evolution of management thoughts; critically evaluate and apply management theories, models and concepts of management; be familiar with the structure, behaviour and environment of organizations, and be aware of the importance of mana gement towards attaining organisational goals in today? s competitive world.TOPICS Topic 1 Topic 2 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 5 Topic 6 Topic 7 Introduction to Organisations and Management Evolution of Management Planning and Strategic Management Decision Making Organisation Structure and Design Managing Work Teams Managing Human Resource 2 Topic 8 Topic 9 Topic 10 Topic 11 Topic 12 Topic 13 Leadership, Motivation and Communication Organizational Control and Information Technology Management Managing Change Innovation Managing Conflict Organisational Environment and Culture International Management Managerial Ethics and Social ResponsibilityPRESCRIBED TEXT Daft R. L. , (2012) New Era of Management, International Edition, 10th edition SouthWestern Cengage Learning USA. RECOMMENDED REFERENCES Robbins, S. P. DeCenzo D. A. (2005) Fundamentals of Management, Essential Concepts and Applications, International edn, Fifth edn, Pearson Prentice Hall, USA. Jones G. R. George J. M. , (2007) Ess entials of Contemporary Management, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, USA. . 3 Subject Outline / Teaching Plan Department Lecturer Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 : Business Studies : Mr.Vincent Oh Topics Managing in Turbulent Times The Evolution of Management Thinking Planning and Goal Setting Strategy Formulation and Implementation Corporate Culture and the Environment Ethics and Social Responsibility Managing in Global Environment Quiz 1 (15/7 – 19/7) Human Resource Management MID-TERM TEST/ BREAK ( 29/7 2/8/2013) BREAK Leadership Motivation Individual Assignment (23/8/2013) Communication Quality and Performance Teamwork Quiz 2 (2/9 – 6/9) Group Presentation Decision Making Designing Adaptive Organizations Group Presentation FINAL EXAMINATION 16/9 – 28/9/2013 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapters 17 and 19 Subject Code : D2MGT100 Subject Title : Organizations and Management References Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapters 7 and 8 Chapter 3 Chapter 5 Chapter 4 Chapter 12 13 Chap ter 18 14 15 16 Chapters 9 and 10 Prescibed Text: Daft R. L. , (2012) New Era of Management, International Edition 10th edition South-Western Cengage Learning USA. 4 ASSESSMENTS There are 6 assessment items for this subject. Assessment Items 1. Mid Term Test (Closed Book) 2. Quiz 1 (Open Book) 3. Quiz 2 (Open Book) 4.Individual Assignment 5. Participation (Group Presentations) 6. Final exam (Closed Book) Value 20% 5% 5% 10% 10% 50% Due Date 29/7 2/8/2013 15/7 – 19/7/2013 2/9 – 6/9/2013 23/8/2013 Weeks 13 14. 16/9 – 28/9/2013 (TBC) REQUIREMENTS To gain a pass in this subject, students must: ? ? Achieve a passing grade in the final examination i. e. score a minimum of 25 marks out of 50, if there is an examination for this subject Attempt ALL areas of assessment; and achieve a total result of 50% or better overall. ** Please check on the notice board and My Acel for the actual date. HELP University reserves the right to make any changes to the above where appro priate. 5ASSESSMENT DETAILS D2MGT100: ORGANISATIONS AND MANAGEMENT SEMESTER 2 2013 INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT (10% of total assessment) CASE STUDY: WALMART PART TWO: THE ENVIRONMENT OF MANAGEMENT – Yao Ming, Jackie Chan, and Walmart: China Embraces Big Stars and Big Box Retailing. When you? re an American retailer with thousands of stores liberally throughout the best shopping areas of the United States, at some point the question arises: â€Å"what next? † Top brass at Walmart were asking this question in the late 1980s, when stores were booming in the Southeast and spreading to all 50 states. Their answer? â€Å"Go global. † Walmart? s first step toward international retailing occurred in 1991 with the opening of a Sam? s Club near Mexico City.Today Walmart International is the company? s fastest growing business unit, accounting for 25 percent of total revenues. After official launch in 1993, the overseas operation expanded into 15 countries including Brazil, Can ada, the United Kingdom, and Japan. But the greatest buzz has centered on China, an emerging market of 1. 3 billion people. Walmart? s adventure in the land of dragons and emperors began in 1996 when rollout teams built a supercenter in Shenzhen, a city just north of Hong Kong. Walmart? s China entry was made possible by economic reforms introduced in the late 1980s under Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping. In a break from its isolationist past, China? communist-led government began making modest concessions to capitalism and Western businesses. The move sparked two decades of rapid economic growth, and Chinese consumers now buy everything from flat screen TVs and cars to designer apparel – they even purchase lattes at Starbucks and chicken at KFC. China? s modernization has become symbolized by pro-basketball star Yao Ming, Supergirl singing phenom Li Yuchun, Olympic world champion Liu Xiang, and Karate Kid martial-arts actor Jackie Chan – Sino celebrities who have achieved Western-style fame and lucrative sponsorships with American businesses. As Walmart? s spread throughout the People? Republic indicates, big box retailing is a hit with Chinese consumers. In 2004, Walmart operated 39 stores in China. In 2010, the number reached 290 total units, including 104 Trust Mart Hypermarkets, 178 supercentres, and 4 Sam? s Clubs. The early success has caused analysts to speculate that Walmart China will eventually have more stores than the domestic American market. Walmart China? s supercenters have much in common with their U. S. counterparts. The expansive stores are stocked with mountains of low-price merchandise, proving that Sam Walton? s â€Å"stack? em high, watch? em fly† philosophy has transcended cultural boundaries. But differences exist as well. First, 75 percent of Walmart? s nternational stores operate under different banner, reflecting the web of acquisitions and joint ventures Walmart uses to enter foreign markets. Next, the selection o f merchandise offered in China supercenters is oriented to the unique tastes of Walmart? s 7 million weekly Chinese shoppers. Grocery sections are stocked with live frogs, turtles, and fish – fresh apples of Chinese diets – and familiar American products are curiously altered, 6 as with Tide detergent, which is sold as a handwash laundry product due to the scarcity of washing machines in China. Douglas McMillion, Walmart International? s president and CEO, says that despite visible variations among stores, the company? s goal is the same in every area of the world. The primary objective is to save people money so they can live a little better,† said the head of Walmart? s fast-growing segment. â€Å"Our goal in every market where we operate is not only to deliver products at a great value, but also to ensure that all of the products we sell are made in an ethical and sustainable way. † But running a multinational operation in â€Å"an ethical and sustaina ble way† is easier said than done. In 2010, Google exited China over the country? s strict censorship policy and poor record on human rights. Years earlier, The Gap caused a firestorm of criticism by unintentionally sourcing products made by child laborers in India. Intent on learning from others? istakes, managers at Walmart have developed an Ethical Standards Program to audit suppliers and ensure the ethical procurement of goods. â€Å"In our „Standard for Suppliers,† says McMillion, â€Å"we outline our expectations that our suppliers must compensate all workers with wages and overtime premiums and benefits that meet or exceed local legal standards, local industry standards, or collective agreements, whichever are higher. † Rajan Kamalanathan, vice president of Ethical Standards, notes that the program is in place to do what is right for factory workers and the environment: â€Å"We not only bring sustainable and positive change to working conditions in factories, we also help build ladders to a better life in the countries where we? re sourcing. The new program is showing results: In 2006m the ethical standards team conducted 8,873 factory audits – more than any other company in the world – leading to a 23 percent decrease in high-risk standards violations. Policing the workplaces and ecological footprints of thousands of international vendors may be a herculean task, but executives at Walmart say it? s a necessary one. Chairman Lee Scott, in a discussion forum sponsored by Fortune magazine, laid out the case for international ethics and corporate social responsibility. â€Å"If China is allowed to produce the world? s goods without following reasonable protocol in protecting the environment and protecting people,† Scott reasoned, â€Å"ultimately governments will react and do something to balance that. So I think it? s in China? s best interest, and I think China understands that. Scott added that socially responsible business is simply good business – by reducing waste and energy usage throughout the supply chain, Walmart is lowering costs and paving a path to higher profits for all. â€Å"We? ve been able to go in and work with individual factories, where instead of costing them more money to do it the right way, the factory is actually able to save cost by doing it the right way. † QUESTIONS 1. Which market entry strategy is Walmart primarily using to enter foreign markets, and why has management chosen this approach? (15 marks) 2. What challenges do Walmart China managers encounter in the international business environment (10 marks) 3. Which of Walmart? s sustainability initiatives do you believe will have greatest positive impact on China? Explain. (15 marks) 7Assignment marking table Individual Report (10% of the module marks) Module Code: D2MGT100 Module Title: Organisations and Management. Student? s Name: _______________________ ID number: _____________ Assessm ent Criteria Question 1: Able to identify the market entry strategy is Walmart primarily using to enter foreign markets, and provide explanation why the management has chosen this approach? Question 2: Able to identify the challenges encountered by Walmart China managers in the international business environment Question 3: Able to discuss Walmart? s sustainability initiatives that have greatest positive impact on China? Explanation is provided.Knowledge of theory: Assignment demonstrates integration and innovation in the selection and handling of theory Clarity of Expression Accuracy, spelling, structure, clarity of messages and information TOTAL 10% of the module marks Comments Marks /15 /10 /15 /5 /5 /50% /10% 8 INSTRUCTIONS 1. The assignment is in essay format with headings and subheadings. The assignment must be TYPED and DOUBLED-SPACED. Font type is Times New Roman and font size must be 12 and justified. 2. The word limit is 1,000 – 1,300. The assignment must contain a word count. 3. The DUE DATE is on Friday, 23rd August 2013. All assignment must be submitted to the Department of Business Studies within the due date with the acknowledgment of receipt from the Department. 4.Sources of information contained in the assignment should be referenced appropriately using Harvard referencing. Assignment should have a complete BIBLIOGRAPHY with listing all books and articles. Plagiarism is a serious form of cheating and is not acceptable which will result in a failure of the coursework. No proper referencing will result in PLAGIARISM. 4. Students would be penalized for not STRICTLY adhering to the instructions. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 1. Evidence of understanding of relevant management concepts and Theories. 2. Clear and realistic answers. 3. Ability to apply concepts and theories. 4. Clarity of written expression (well structured and ogical flow of ideas; Attention to grammar). 5. Standard of presentation (good layout; careful checking for spelling mistakes and typing errors). 9 Assignment No. : __ Assignment Cover Sheet Student Information (For group assignment, please state names of all members) Name ID Grade/Marks Module/Subject Information Module/Subject Code Module/Subject Name Lecturer/Tutor/Facilitator Due Date Assignment Title/Topic Intake (where applicable) Word Count Declaration Office Acknowledgement Date/Time . I/We have read and understood the Programme Handbook that explains on plagiarism, and I/we testify that, unless otherwise acknowledged, the work submitted herein is entirely my/our own. I/We declare that no part of this assignment has been written for me/us by any other person(s) except where such collaboration has been authorized by the lecturer concerned. . I/We authorize the University to test any work submitted by me/us, using text comparison software, for instances of plagiarism. I/We understand this will involve the University or its contractors copying my/our work and storing it on a database to be used in fut ure to test work submitted by others. Note:1) The attachment of this statement on any electronically submitted assignments will be deemed to have the same authority as a signed statement. 2) The Group Leader signs the declaration on behalf of all members. Signature: mail: Date: 10 Feedback/Comments* Main StrengthsMain Weaknesses Suggestions for improvement Student acknowledge feedback/comments Grader? s signature Date: Note: Student? s signature: Date: 1)A soft and hard copy of the assignment shall be submitted. 2)The signed copy of the assignment cover sheet shall be retained by the marker. 3)If the Turnitin report is required, students have to submit it with the assignment. However, departments may allow students up to THREE (3) working days after submission of the assignment to submit the Turnitin report. The assignment shall only be marked upon the submission of the Turnitin report. *Use additional sheets if required. 11 Department of Business StudiesACADEMIC INTEGRITY Honesty a nd Responsibility Academic integrity is an important tenet for HELP University. In pursuit of the highest standards of academic integrity, the Department of Business Studies holds it students to the highest ethical standards defined by the Rules and Regulations section of the Academic Handbook. All students at the Department of Business Studies are subjected to and are bound by the Student Academic Misconduct Rule to assure academic honesty. Students are required to sign a pledge on the assignment cover sheet before submitting your assignments to the Department of Business Studies. What is Plagiarism? Plagiarism is academic dishonesty or academic theft, and it is a serious academic offence.Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to, the followings: 1. quote, paraphrase or summarize someone else? s ideas, theories or data, in whole or in part, without appropriate acknowledgement 2. borrow ideas, opinion or words, in whole or in part, from other sources without properly crediting the author(s) 3. use any facts, statistics, diagrams or graphs, in whole or in part, without acknowledging the source clearly 4. claim or imply original authorship of someone else? s ideas, theories or data, in whole or in part, as your own 5. employ or allow someone to help to revise, amend or write your work and pass off as your own original work 6. collaborate with or allow other students to copy your work 7. raw on sources more than what you have acknowledged by citations While a student is not discouraged to discuss an assignment with his/her friends or classmates, the work he/she submits must be done by the student alone. If a student shares his/her assignment with other students and they plagiarize it, the student is as guilty as those students who plagiarized his/her assignment. All parties to plagiarism are considered equally guilty. Under no circumstances should a student be involved in collusion with other students unless he/she is permitted to work on an assignment jointly b y the lecturer/tutor. If a student is unsure what constitutes plagiarism, he/she is obliged to consult the lecturer/tutor on the matter before submission of his/her assignment. When and How to Reference? Knowing when and how to cite is a student? s responsibility.If he/she is in doubt or need more help on this matter, the student may consult the lecturer/tutor. The following list comprises some of the sources a student will need to reference. The list is by no means exhaustive, but simply consists of the most common sources used by students to complete their work. 1. Books 2. Chapters in books 12 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Journal articles Conference papers Newspaper articles Magazines Websites Study guide Students are advised to cite in the following cases [1]: 1. When he/she quotes two or more words verbatim, or even one word if it is used in a way that is unique to the source 2. When he/she introduce facts that he/she have found in a source 3.When he/she paraphrase or summarize ideas, int erpretations, or conclusions that he/she find in a source 4. When he/she introduce information that is not common knowledge or that may be considered common knowledge in your field, but the reader may not know it 5. When he/she borrow the plan or structure of a larger section of a source? s argument (for example, using a theory from a source and analyzing the same three case studies that the source uses) 6. When he/she build on another? s method found either in a source or from collaborative work in a lab 7. When he/she build on another? s program in writing computer code or on a notcommonly-known algorithm 8.When he/she collaborate with others in producing knowledge In general, a referencing system requires two parts: 1. In-text citations This is information about a source within the text of an assignment. 2. List of references This is a list of all sources a student has used to research his/her assignment. It is alphabetically arranged by author surname and appears immediately aft er the last page of an assignment. Different faculties or departments may have different requirement on how referencing for an assignment should be done. The various formats used for in-text citations and list of references are available in the following websites: 1. Harvard System (http://www. delaide. edu. au/library/guide/gen/harvard. html) 2. Chicago Style (http://www. chicagomanualofstyle. org/index. html) 3. American Psychological Association or APA Style (http://www. apastyle. org) 4. Modern Language Association of America or MLA Style (http://www. mla. org) Once a student has selected a referencing style for his/her assignment, he/she must follow the same style consistently throughout the assignment. We strongly suggest that the student consults the lecturer/tutor about which method to use before submission of his/her assignment. 1 http://www. yale. edu/bass/writing/sources/plagiarism/warning. html, accessed May 18, 2008. 13What are the Procedures and Penalties for Plagiaris m? When a lecturer/tutor encounters a possible case of plagiarism, the lecturer/tutor shall report the matter to the Head of the Department, who then initiates an investigation on the matter. The following procedures would be carried out: 1. The lecturer/tutor shall provide evidence that substantiates an academic offence has occurred. The following documentations must be ready prior to reporting of alleged plagiarism: a. Copy of the alleged plagiarized assignment b. Copy of the source material (e. g. articles, websites, newspaper, etc. ) c. Report of plagiarism d. Any other information that would support the claim of plagiarism 2.If the evidence warrants an accusation of academic offence, the Head of Department shall establish a Board of Inquiry comprising 3 academic staff. The Department shall provide all necessary documentations, including report on prior academic offences if applicable, to the Board of Inquiry. 3. The Board of Inquiry shall put the matter to the student in writin g and give him/her an opportunity to respond to the accusation within 3 working days. 4. The student will be required to attend a meeting with the Board of Inquiry. After meeting the student, the Board of Inquiry shall decide whether or not the alleged plagiarism has occurred. The following documentations shall be submitted to the Head of Department at the end of the meeting: a. Findings of the investigation b.Recommended action(s) to be taken or imposed 5. The Head of Department shall review the Board of Inquiry? s report with supporting evidence and shall decide on an appropriate action(s) based on the recommendation of the Board of Inquiry. 6. The decision of the Head of Department shall be put in writing to the student. Copies of all documentations will be retained in the Department. 7. If the student feels that he/she has been unfairly accused or treated, the student may appeal to the Head of Department within 5 working days. 8. The Head of Department shall review the appeal an d the final decision will be communicated to the student in writing and a copy will be kept with the Department.Once a determination of plagiarism and penalty has been made by the Head of Department, the investigative process will be deemed to have ended and the student will not be allowed to appeal. Possible penalties for plagiarism range from mark reduction for the assignment to expulsion from the University. The student will not be allowed to make up the assignment. If plagiarism has been found to have occurred, the Department will take action(s) as determined by the forms of plagiarism implicated: 1. Complete plagiarism Verbatim copying another person? s work without acknowledgement 1st offence : A grade of â€Å"F† in the subject and a warning letter will be issued 2nd offence : Expulsion from the University at the discretion of the Head of Department 2. Substantial plagiarism Near-verbatim copying another person? work by simply altering the order of the sentences or the format of presentation or by changing a few words or phrases without acknowledgement. 14 Zero mark on the assignment and a warning letter will be issued nd 2 offence : A grade of â€Å"F† in the subject and a warning letter will be issued 3rd offence : Expulsion from the University at the discretion of the Head of Department 3. Minimal plagiarism Acknowledgement is made but paraphrasing by changing and/or eliminating some words 1st offence : Deduction of 50% of available marks on the assignment and a warning letter will be issued nd 2 offence : A grade of â€Å"F† in the subject and a warning letter will be issued 3rd offence : Expulsion from the University at the discretion of the Head of Department 4.Unintentional plagiarism Insufficient acknowledgement by not applying citation or quotation marks correctly 1st offence : Deduction of up to 50% of available marks on the assignment and a warning letter will be issued nd 2 offence : A grade of â€Å"F† in the sub ject and a warning letter will be issued rd 3 offence : Expulsion from the University at the discretion of the Head of Department Pleading ignorance or unintentional plagiarism does not constitute valid reasons for plagiarism and will not avoid the penalties from being imposed. Excuses for acts of plagiarism such as the following, but not limited to, will not be entertained: 1. I don? t have time to do the assignment 2. I have too many assignments due on the same day 3. I don? t know, I really didn? t do it 4. I am not aware 5. I don? t understand what plagiarism means 6. I have no intention to plagiarize 7. I forgot to cite the reference 8. I forgot to include the bibliography 9. My English is not good 10. My lecturer/tutor did not explain to me 11. In my country, it is alright to copy someone else? s work 12. My friend copied my ssignment when I let him/her to look at my assignment 13. My friend copied my assignment when I allow him/her to use my laptop 14. I did my assignment in the computer lab, someone must have copied my work 15. I asked my friend to submit my assignment and he/she copied my work 16. I discussed my assignment with my friends, so our answers are the same/similar 17. Even though I do not have in-text citation but I have bibliography/reference list Students should be reminded that it is their responsibilities to take due care throughout their written work to effectively reference or cite when they use others? ideas from any source. 1st offence : 15

4411436294821-895350-914400 Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

4411436294821-895350-914400 Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers 4411436294821-895350-914400 -887095-914400ANG KONTEMPORARYONG DAIGDIG 1024382038754052115820-234315-38100472630551936653324860 LAYUNIN Ang mga mag-aaral ay naipamamalas ng mag-aaral ang pag-unawa sa kahalagahan ng pakikipag-ugnayan at sama-samang pagkilos sa kontemporanyong daigdig tungo sa pandaigdigang kapayapaan , pagkakaisa , 103961052603673 pagtutulungan , at kaunlaran NA AALALAMO PA BA ANG MGA DAHILAN NG UNANG DIGMAANG PANDAIGDIG? ATING SAGUTAN ANG GAWAIN 1 KONSEPTONG NAIS KO, HULAAN MO.71469253865245-854075-914400 -895350-914400GAWAIN 1 Basahin ang mga clue sa bawat bilang. Tukuyin ang mga konseptong inilalarawan sa pamamagitan ng pagpupuno ng wastong letra sa luob ng kahon. Pagkakampihan ng mga bansa. A ___Y____ ____ ____A Panghihimasok ng makapangyarihang bansa sa mahinang bansa. I__P__ __ Y__L __ __ __ O Pagpapalakas ng mga bansang sandatahan ng mga bansa sa Europe. M __ __ ITA__ __ S__O Pag mamahal sa bayan. N__S__ __ N__L__ __ M O 5. Bansa na ka alyado ng France at Russia. G __ __ __ TB __ __T -999259-914400 Organisyaon ng mga bansa pagkatapos ng Unang Digmaang Pandaigdig. __ E __ __ __E __F __A __ __O __ __ Kasunduang nagwakas sa Unang Digmaang Pandaigdig. T __ __ __ T __ OF __ E__ __ __A I __ __E S

How to Learn From Your Mistakes: Making Sophomore Year Better

Transitions can be difficult to manage, and starting high school is no exception. There are new friendships to be made, new extracurriculars to juggle, and of course not a small amount of school work to add in the mix as well. Many students have a hard time hitting their stride during ninth grade. The good news is that there is still plenty of time to get yourself back on the right track if you had a tough time during ninth grade. In fact, ninth grade should be thought of as a time to test the waters, and if your tests weren’t successful at least now you have some information to work with as you move forward. It is possible to recover gracefully after a less than stellar ninth grade year. To learn how you can right your wrongs and move forward, don’t miss our top four tips. It’s easy to get caught up in academia and to think of your grades as a measure of your overall success, but you need to keep in mind that grades are simply a very small indicator of your academic success in one single class. They aren’t a measurement of your personal worth or of your overall intelligence. Your grades show how well you performed under very specific conditions in a very specific line of study. In fact, it’s healthier to think of grades as a measurement of how well you played the grading game in each class. Some teachers weigh class participation more heavily than others. Others assign all weekly homework on a Monday and expect it to arrive by 8am on Friday, or else you get a zero. Some teachers even allow you to grade yourself. Whatever the grading process is, you need to learn it in order to participate actively. This year, be sure to review the grading criteria for each class you’re taking, then prioritize your work in each class according to these criteria. You’ve got to play the game if you want to come out with a winning grade. Even so, remember that grades aren’t the end all and be all. Your GPA is only a tiny piece of who you are and there are many, many more important factors such what kind of friend you are and how you treat people you don’t know. In the big picture, grades take a back seat. It’s one thing to accept that grades aren’t as important as other people might make them out to be, but it’s another thing to capitalize on the resources around you to improve your grades as much as is within your power. Just because grades don’t define your worth, that doesn’t mean that you can’t do everything possible to improve them. Start with communication. Reaching out to teachers, guidance counselors, and mentors will go a long way. If you don’t understand a particular concept or point made in class, ask for clarification. If you need extra help, find out where you can get some. If you completely bombed an assignment or test, ask if it’s possible to complete some extra credit. Your teachers want to see you succeed academically, and they are often willing to give you some extra help to get you there. You need to be the one to reach out and ask for it, though. No one will know that you’re struggling if you don’t ask for help. Our Early Advising Program helps students in 9th and 10th grade discover their passions and build strong academic and extracurricular profiles to succeed in high school. Another piece of the puzzle is your personal responsibility. There is a lot going on when you start high school, and many students make mistakes along the way. Think back on ninth grade with a self-critical eye. Where did things go wrong? What choices did you make or not make that had an impact on your year? Consider specific aspects of your freshman year to really focus your thinking. Did you prioritize your classwork and give it the time and attention it deserved? Did you choose smart extracurriculars that were engaging and personally relevant? Did you hang out with friends who bring out the best in you and support you when you struggle? These are all personal choices that you need to take responsibility for. If you can identify areas in which you made mistakes, you’re more likely to be able to make better choices in the future. In ninth grade, you were trying out all sorts of different activities. Maybe you took on too many. Maybe you took on ones that you later discovered weren’t very interesting to you. This year, think more carefully about which you choose to continue. There is absolutely no penalty for dropping an extracurricular after ninth grade. During 10th grade, try to focus on about three extracurriculars that you’re truly passionate about. Ideally, one will be some kind of service project or volunteer work. The others should represent your interests and career ambitions. If you stretch yourself too thin, you won’t be able to excel in any single area. Focusing in on just a few extracurriculars that are truly interesting to you will give you the time and energy to really commit yourself fully. If you struggled in ninth grade, don’t worry. You are just like thousands of other students across the country, and in fact, your timing is perfect. Ninth grade is the time to explore options. If you haven’t hit your stride yet, you still have three years of high school left to find it, and colleges are likely to overlook a stumbling point in ninth grade if you can establish an upward grade trend and improve on your choices and performance from there. For more personalized guidance to get you headed in the right direction, consider the benefits of the Near Peer Mentorship Program , which provides access to practical advice on topics from college admissions to career aspirations, all from successful college students.

None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 21

None - Essay Example This is mainly achieved by conducting an intensive market research in order to establish the latest trends and what their customers prefer mostly. Secondly, the company aims at inspiring moments of optimism. This is achieved through their different brands and course of actions in the global market. With actions here we mean the corporate social responsibility. A company is supposed to give back to the community in various ways. It may include employing the locals in the areas where it is an operation and by engaging in various community projects in order to help the needy and the less fortunate. Further, the company also aims at creating a difference and value in areas where it operates in the global market. In my opinion, I think the mission of the company satisfies the qualities of a good mission statement. This is because it clearly stipulates the scope of its activities, its main role and the marketing situation or strategy. Svendsen, Sara. â€Å"Refresh. Create. Inspire. The Mission, Vision and Values Behind the Coca-Cola Company and the Digital Marketing Strategies of the "open Happiness" Campaign.† Liberty.edu. Web. 01 February

Smart air conditioner Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Smart air conditioner - Research Paper Example As energy is conserved this way, the amount of pollutants from such sources would also be reduced therefore protecting the university environment from pollution. Additionally, smart air conditioner would keep the university environment clean by reducing on the pollutants released from air conditioners. Air conditioning units are said to contain refrigerants. According to Northern Ireland Protection Agency (2014), these refrigerants contain hazardous substances like fluorinated gases (F-gases) and ozone depleting substances (ODS). Some air conditioners have deodorants which could release chlorofluorocarbons, CFC, when in operation. These compounds gradually damage the university environment, depleting the ozone layer, the reason for global warming. The smart air conditioner mitigates this menace by reducing the time of operation of air conditioners by programming operation only when in use (Karol, 2014). This minimizes on the amount of these compounds emitted and also reduces the environmental exposure time thus curbing on the pollution of the university’s

Arabic Language in Learning Sahria and Islamic Law Essay Example for Free

Arabic Language in Learning Sahria and Islamic Law Essay Language is very important in our daily life. It serves as the way in communicating and dealing with other people. There are many language used by different people in different places. In field of teaching, language is the most important factor to be considered. Arabic language was known to be the second most used language in the world second to Chinese. A good knowledge of Arabic language will greatly enhance one’s ability to work and interact effectively with Arabic-speaking people and that, the diligent study of Arabic can lead to exciting careers in various fields in that particular vicinity. In addition, Arabic is the language of Islam and to properly understand Islam, that is why Arabic should be learn and taught for every Muslims (Tamano 1996). In teaching Sharia or Islamic Law, Arabic Language should be highly encouraged as the fundamental medium used in the classroom. However, in the case of King Faisal Center most of the students taking up Sharia courses have only miniature background in Arabic field particularly Arabic language. As a result the teachers preferred to use Local language just to make the student understand the discussions of Sharia. Sharia Law or Islamic Law derives its legal rules to Quran and Hadith. The primary sources of Islamic law are the Quran and Hadith which is written in Arabic language. In order to understand the Quran and Hadith you should be knowledgeable in Arabic language. For Muslims, the Qur’an is the literal word of God received verbatim by the Prophet Muhammad in his native Arabic tongue, who passed it on his followers. Qur’an is the foundation of Islam and the primary source of guidance for Muslims in all aspect of life, whether spiritual, legal, moral, political, economic or social (Saeed 2006). Qur’an is the primary source of Islamic Law and it originally written in Arabic text. Sharia derives its law based on the Qur’an. That is why the students and teachers should give an importance in teaching and learning Arabic Language in order to help the students specially Sharia students in order for them to understand the Sharia clearly and to help them in their future job as a Sharia practitioner. In the case of KFCIAAS in Islamic Studies Department, they preferred to use English language in most of their Sharia courses. KFCIAAS should consider that Arabic language is the foundation of Islam and we should give importance for improving and enhancing their methods of teaching Arabic language. The focus of this study is to gather information on the importance of Arabic language in teaching Sharia in King Faisal Center for Islamic Arabic and Asian Studies and try to strengthen and improve the teaching of Arabic language in King Faisal Center.

Shifting Perceptions in Dances With Wolves Essay -- Dances With Wolves

Shifting Perceptions in Dances With Wolves In Kevin Costner's motion picture Dances With Wolves, a white veteran of the Civil War, John Dunbar, ventures to the American frontier, where he encounters a tribe of Sioux Indians. At first, both parties are quite wary and almost hostile to each other, but after some time, Dunbar realizes that they have both grown to love and value each other as friends. As the movie critic Robert Ebert comments, "Dunbar possesses the one quality he needs to cut through the entrenched racism of his time: He is able to look another man in the eye, and see the man, rather than his attitudes about the man. As Dunbar discovers the culture of the Sioux, so do we. " As the viewpoint of the hero gradually shifts throughout the film, it is also paralleled by the similarly shifting perception of the audience- from one of initial, stereotypical fear to a much more positive one, of respect and sympathy. This overall effect on the viewer is accomplished through the skillful use of several techniques in the film , as well as through the use of some memorable scenes, as portrayed through Dunbar's eyes. In the first several scenes of the movie, the audience is introduced to the hero, John Dunbar, and is instantly able to sympathize with him. Firstly, he is a war hero, and thus, brave and respected. Then, when he chooses to move to the frontier, he reveals his adventurous spirit, and when he toils tirelessly each day to build the post, he also shows his hardworking and disciplined personality. Furthermore, Dunbar is a well-educated man, for he eloquently records his experiences in his journal each day, and his thoughts and insights reveal a man of noble and upright character. Thus, these qualities constitute the... ...rriding theme- that all humans possess common emotions, desires, and traits, and that these human elements alone are what should be the distinguishing factors in one's identity, rather than race, gender, or any other external sub-category. Overall, the film causes the audience to change a traditional, stereotypical view of the Sioux Indians, but on a broader scale, it also challenges the audience to view all people from a more humanistic point of view. Works Cited Costner, Kevin, dir. Dances with Wolves. Perf. Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell, Graham Greene, and Rodney A. Grant. 1990. Videocassette. Orion, 1991. Ebert, Robert. "Dances With Wolves." Rev. of Dances With Wolves, dir. Kevin Costner. The Chicago Sun-Times 9 Nov. 1990. Standing Rock Sioux Nation. Home Page. 31 Mar. 2000. Standing Rock Sioux Nation. 12 Oct. 2001. http://www.standingrock.org.

Management and Union Relationships in an Organization

In today’s business environment, the relationship between management and union can play a vital role in the success of an organization. My research of the roles of unions and management will enable me to present concrete information of how these two entities perform in an organization. The Role of Management in an Organization â€Å"Management is the process of working with people and resources to accomplish organizational goals† (Bateman & Snell, 2007). In an organization, management has the responsibility of performing four major functions.These functions consist of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. According to (Carter McNamara, n. d. ), â€Å"As planners, management identifies goals, objectives, methods, resources needed to carry out methods, as well as, responsibilities and dates for completion of tasks. As organizers, management organizes resources needed to achieve the goals in an optimum fashion. Examples are organizing new departments, human reso urces, office and file systems, re-organizing businesses, etc.As leaders? management set direction for the organization, groups and individuals and influence people to follow that direction. Examples are establishing strategic direction (vision, values, mission and / or goals) and championing methods of organizational performance management to pursue that direction, and as controllers, management coordinates the organization's systems, processes and structures to reach effectively and efficiently reach goals and objectives.This includes ongoing collection of feedback, and monitoring and adjustment of systems, processes and structures accordingly. Examples include use of financial controls, policies and procedures, performance management processes, measures to avoid risks etc† (Free Management Library, n. d. ). The Role of Unions in an Organization Unions are associations that represent the collective interests of their employee-members in bargaining and negotiating with organi zations. Trade unions generally seek to obtain higher wages, reduced working hours, and improved working conditions for employees.The also seek to improve workplace safety and obtain increased benefits, such as health insurance, pensions, and disability insurance, for employees. Unions work to protect the employment security of their members by negotiating the implementation of seniority rules and to eliminate â€Å"at-will† employment contracts which has subjected non-union employees to dismissal without cause. Although trade unions did not obtain legal recognition until the 1930s, laborers began organizing to bargain collectively with employers long before obtaining such recognition (Encyclopedia. om, 2011). Unions also help the organization by supporting the productivity of the workers. According to (OrganizationLabor. com, 2008), â€Å"They help in organizing training workshops so as to enhance their workers’ skills at the workplace. Also, they hold forums to sens itize workers on changes going on in the market as well as educate them on pertinent matters that would benefit them in general.Further support, which may differ, may be given at personal levels. A member might get legal representation in case of litigation where an employer is involved. Unions when conflict arises between employees and employers conduct meetings and hold talks with relevant policy and decision makers. This ensures quality talks from both sides and decisions of resolve that benefit the employer as well as employee. The Management and Union Relationship In today’s business environment, labor and management relations have been put on hold while organizational changes and transformations take place. There are some who believe that labor-management relations are a relic of an era when rising standards of living and stable markets seemed to be predictable.According to the text (Creative union-management relations, 1995), â€Å"Discounting the importance of labor- management relations is an extraordinary misunderstanding of the power and possibility of labor and management to catalyze organizational and human change. A union-management relation is not about playing out a Noh dance of ritualized motions or technical legalisms–it is an intensely human connection that affects the lives of managers and unionists alike. And as a very human connection, it arries with it the seeds of creativity and innovation† (Cohen-Rosenthal & Alfandre, 1995). During the 1950’s labor contracts renewed every three years. Each contract term was seen as progress to a better way of life. Unions and management who still believe in this idea are losing benefits accumulated over time. The predictable foundations of those benefits and collective bargaining seem to not work in this day and time. Collective bargaining has produced innovations and progress within organizations.According to (Cohen-Rosenthal ; Alfandre, 1995), â€Å"Numerous advances, such as new forms of employee participation in the workplace were first introduced at the bargaining table: New benefit packages, new types of working hours, new investment funds, new learning arrangements, and family friendly policies, etc. † When developing a labor-management partnership, one must understand and honor the significant differences between the traditional union and management workplace cultures. Both sides will have their own assumptions, values, and way of doing business.If the differences are not properly managed, they could get in the way of the partnership. According to (M. Scott Mulinski, 1998), â€Å"What looks easy for management to accomplish maybe difficult for the union. When a labor-management team comes up with a solution to a problem, management's normal reaction is to immediately implement it because it makes sense and affects the operation's bottom line. However, the union may be wary of implementing the proposal before it has been thoroughly discus sed at the union meeting(s) and the membership supports the concept.Management's insistence to act immediately may cause the union to back off or implement without support from its membership. Failure to recognize the union's â€Å"way of doing business† places unnecessary strain on the relationship and can result in a breakdown of the trust level between the parties, and possibly create political problems for the union leadership (which could spell an end to the entire partnership). † A labor-management partnership is built upon the philosophy of teamwork, cultural change, trust, free flow of information, removal of organizational barriers, and development of a high-performance workplace.There should be no venture into a work area that does not accept the partnership philosophy or whose agenda is different from those set by the labor-management partnership. This partnership can run into problems if demands exceed resources. A level of trust must be gained within the pa rtnership. If trust issues are addressed, effective, honest communication will develop alleviating fears of retaliation for speaking out. This also produces a higher level of respect and less conflict. An effective labor-management relationship will increase the availability of appropriate training and skill development programs. According to (M.Scott Milinski, 1998), â€Å"in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. a labor-management committee was established to address staffing and overtime problems in the city's 911 Telecommunications Center. The committee decided that it needed to better understand how the city's pay system operated before it could address staffing issues. At that point the committee received training on the city's budget and classification plan. Now the committee was prepared to design a new classification, conduct a professional pay study, recommend the appropriate pay range for the new classification, and estimate cost savings through reduced overtime† (Milinski, 1998). Although conflicts will remain, there must continue to be acknowledgements of changing roles and control issues. Management within unionized organizations have always been told to enforce contractual rules and their rights to make decisions, however in a labor-management partnership management roles must change from controller to team member. The key to a successful labor-management partnership lies in the fact that, â€Å"although everyone's role changes, the supervisor and middle manager must adjust more than anyone else. The supervisor's primary role is changed from controller to coach.Middle managers need to understand that their responsibility to the new partnership is to support the effort by helping remove organizational barriers to performance. Middle managers, like many others, must see the employees and supervisors as primary customers† (Milinski, 1998). Organization and Union Strategies for a Conducive, Working Relationship Organization Strategies/Actions: 1. Behav e in ways that demonstrate their respect for the institution of organized labor and their respect for the legitimate role union leaders play within both the union and management organizations. 2. Show concern for the issues that are important to the union.For example, the source of power and income for unions is its membership. 3. Stop seeing the contract as the union's contract. 4. Maintain communication about all business issues Union Strategies/Actions: 1. Publicly acknowledge the importance of effective management. 2. Accept and help their members understand that companies employee people in order to get specific work done in order for the company to success and that employment is not an entitlement and that businesses are not social welfare organizations. 3. Convince the union membership of the need for change and the need for cooperation.The commitment of management and unions to implementing the above strategies will enable the development of an effective partnership. Conclus ion My review of the roles of management and unions has assisted me in concluding that management and unions can form an effective partnership. In a unionized organization, management’s role is to secure resources needed to ensure that the organization reaches its goal. This includes the hiring of a qualified labor force. The role of a union is to ensure that the organization provide its labor force with appropriate wages, benefits, safe work environment, accessible training, and skills development. If management and unions would be more respectful of their roles and positions in helping an organization to maintain success, a lasting relationship can be developed which will benefit all involved.ReferencesBateman, T. S. , ; Snell, S. A. (2007). Management: Leading and collaborating in a competitive world. McGraw-Hill Cohen-Rosenthal, Edward, ; Alfandre, Catherine. (1995). Creative union-management relations. The Journal for Quality and Participation, 18(3), 16. Retrieved March 20, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 6682141). Encyclopedia. com. (2011). Trade Unions.Retrieved on March 14, 2011 from http://www. encyclopedia. com/topic/Trade_Unions. aspx M Scott Milinski. (1998). Obstacles to sustaining a labor-management partnership: A management perspective. Public Personnel Management, 27(1), 11-21. Retrieved March 20, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 28486826). McNamara, C. (n. d. ). Free Management Library: All About Management. Retrieve on March 14, 2011 from http://www. managementhelp. org/mgmnt/skills. htm#anchor165831. OrganizationLabor. com. (2008). Trade Unions. Retrieved on March 15, 2011 from http://www. organizationlabor. com/

Empirical Formula Lab Report Essay

INTRODUCTION John Dalton’s atomic theory states that elements combine in simple numerical ratios to form compounds. A compound, no matter how it is formed, always contains the same elements in the same proportion by weight. The law of mass conservation states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed. In this experiment, the mass of the metal was not destroyed or created; the metal’s mass was simply changed into a compound form once the gas reacted to it. The net mass of the reactant side of the equation and the product side of the equation should be equal if the experiment is done correctly. The molecular formula represents the number of all elements in a compound. The empirical is the simplest whole number ratio of the elements in that compound. Combustion reactions always involve oxygen and are almost always exothermic. Exothermic reactions give off energy in heat form. The purpose of this experiment is to find the empirical formula of a compound using whole numbers. To investigate this experiment, the masses of the metal and gas were measured to obtain the empirical formula of the compound. PROCEDURE Before starting the experiment, the materials needed were gathered: crucible and lid, Bunsen burner, deionized or distilled water, striker, magnesium ribbon, sandpaper (if needed), clay triangle, wire pad, crucible tongs, electronic scale, ring clamp, experiment stand, paper to record data. Two of each necessary material was gathered in order to conduct two trials at once. To prepare for the experiment, the ring clamp was attached to the stand at about 2/3s the way up the stand. The crucible and lid were rinsed with water, dried, and then placed on a clay triangle. The Bunsen burner was hooked up to the gas line and the gas was turned on. The fire was started with the striker and the flame was adjusted to the height of the ring clamp. The crucible and lid were heated gently for 4-6 minutes until the bottom of the crucible became red. The flame was intensified and the crucible and lid were heated for another 10-12 minutes. The crucible and lid were allowed to cool on the wire pad. The mass of the cooled crucible and lid was recorded using the electronic scale. This procedure was repeated once more for each trial. In each trial, the ribbon was placed into the crucible and the lid was placed over it. The mass of the crucible, lid and magnesium was recorded. The crucible containing the magnesium was heated gently for 2-3 minutes. The heat was gradually intensified and heated for another 2-3 minutes. One side of the lid was lifted with the crucible tongs to allow the oxygen inside. The metal started glowing. The crucible, lid and compound were heated for another 3 minutes. The metal was checked periodically until no more glowing was observed. The crucible was then removed from heat and then cooled on the wire pad. 3 drops of deionized water was added to the cooled compound. The crucible was reheated with the lid partially off, allowing the water vapor to escape. The sample was heated slowly and then the heat was intensified for 15-17 minutes. The crucible, lid and compound were allowed to cool on the wire pad. The mass of the crucible, lid and compound was recorded. The sample was reheated for an extra 5 minutes, then the combined mass of the crucible, lid and metal oxide was measured. The metal oxide was disposed of in the proper marked contained and the crucible was cleaned of any residue and rinsed with deionized water. RESULTS Units Trial 1 Trial 2 Before Heating g 23.860 After 1st Heating g 21.383 23.859 After 2nd Heating g 21.385 Mass of Crucible, Lid and Metal g 21.575 24.054 Mass of Metal g 0.190 0.195 Mass of Crucible, Lid and Metal Oxide after 1st heating g 21.646 24.174 2nd Heating Mass Measurement g 21.648 24.174 Mass of Metal Oxide g 0.263 0.315 Number of Moles of Metal in the Compound mol 0.00782 0.00802 Mass of Oxygen in Compound g 0.0730 0.120 Number of Moles of Oxygen in the Compound mol 0.00456 0.00750 Simplest Whole Number Ratio of Oxygen to Metal 3:5 14:15 Empirical Formula for the Compound using Whole Numbers Mg5O3 Mg14O13 DISCUSSION In order to have magnesium oxide, MgO, the magnesium strip had to be heated. Under normal circumstances, room temperature, magnesium metal, Mg, reacts very slowly with the oxygen, O, in the air. However, as magnesium is heated, it reacts quicker with the oxygen and burns with a white light to produce MgO. To protect others from the smoke, containing Magnesium Oxide, the crucible had to remain covered. Some magnesium oxide escaped, when the crucible was not covered. The crucible had to be slightly ajar when heating up the magnesium, so that oxygen could get to the reaction. Without oxygen, a fire cannot exist. The shininess of the metal Mg turned to a dull appearance as it changed to MgO. As the magnesium reacted to the oxygen, it also reacted with the nitrogen in the air to form magnesium nitride, Mg3N2. To expel the nitrogen from the crucible, we added water to the mixture and heated it up. This would cause the Mg3N2, to react with the water, H2O, to form ammonia, NH3, and magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2. The NH3 was driven off during the heating. One sign of this reaction was the ammonia smell given off. This is because upon heating, the Mg(OH)2 would break into MgO and H2O, which would be driven off by the heat. The second reheating was so that any remnants of the Mg(OH)2 of the crucible had been converted to MgO. This was also to have an accurate final mass of our product MgO. After the lab, the inside of the crucible was black. This is because the magnesium not only reacted with the oxygen and the nitrogen in the air but also with the porcelain of the crucible. The reason for waiting for the crucible to cool before weighing it was because at higher temperatures, the molecules inside are still active, causing the weight to be off. During Trial 2, the magnesium was not properly burned off and caused the calculations to be off. The magnesium looked as if it had stopped glowing, but the inside coil was not completely burned. REFERENCES www.iun.edu www.chemistry.about.com www.universetoday.com/john-daltons-atomic-theory Lab Experiment www.purdue.edu

Globalization and International Business Essays

Globalization and International Business Essays Globalization and International Business Essay Globalization and International Business Essay 1. The broadening set of interdependent relationships among people from different parts of the world is known as ________. a. globalization b. Offshoring c. international business d. outsourcing 2. The term globalization is sometimes used to mean the ________. a. movement of jobs to low-wage countries b. business being undertaken outside the confines of any nation c. Uneven distribution of resources and their influence on different products and services in different parts of the world d. Integration of world economies through the reduction of barriers to the movement of trade, capital, technology, and people . Which of the following best defines international business? a. It includes all economic flows between two or more countries. b. It includes all private economic flows between two or more countries. c. It includes all business transactions involving two or more countries, whether the transactions are conducted by private or governmental organizations. d. It includes all business transactions in countries other than your home country 4. Which of the following is the most accurate comparison of how private organizations and governments conduct international business? a. The objectives for private organizations and governments are the same. b. The private organization’s objective is profit, whereas a government may or may not seek profit as an objective. c. Governments operate strictly for nonprofit motives, but private organizations seek profits. d. Governments undertake international business for more long-term objectives than private companies do. 5. The televising of sports competitions to viewers in multiple countries is an example of international business conducted to achieve the objective of ________. a. Acquiring resources b. Minimizing risk . Offshoring d. Sales expansion 6. An example of a U. S. merchandise import is an automobile made in ________ and sold ________. a. The United States by a Japanese company; in the United States b. The United States by a Japanese company; outside the United States c. Japan by a Japanese company: in the United States d. Japan by a U. S. company; outside the United States 7.. An example of a Japanese service export is a visit by a ________. a. Japanese citizen to Disneyland in the United States b. Japanese citizen to the Japan Pavilion at Epcot Center in the United States c. U. S. itizen to the Japan Pavilion at Epcot Center in the United States d. U. S. citizen to Tokyo Disneyland in Japan 8. A foreign direct investment occurs ________. a. Only when a company owns more than 50 percent of a foreign firm b. When a company controls a company abroad c. When foreign ownership is in private rather than government securities d. With the purchase of a foreign firm rather than the establishment of a new company abroad 9. Which of the following is an example of an international portfolio investment? a. Foreign ownership of bonds b. Ownership of patents used by a foreign company . A jointly owned foreign company d. One of a group of several foreign companies wholly owned by the same investor 10. A multinational enterprise (MNE) is one that is ________. a. among the world’s 500 lar gest companies b. owned and managed by companies whose headquarters are split among different countries c. licensed to operate by the United Nations Transnational Center d. willing to consider market and production locations anywhere in the world 11. A company starting out with a global focus, usually because of the international experience of its founders, is called a ________. . multinational enterprise b. transnational company c. strategically allied company d. born-global company 12. The fact that flower producers from Ecuador, Israel, and New Zealand all compete for sales in the same markets is due primarily to ________. a. the development of new strains of flowers that last longer b. advancements in communications c. advancements in transportation d. cross-national success in fighting insects that move internationally on plants 13. Which of the following is a reason that international business has recently grown at such a rapid pace? . the end of the political schism between t he Communist and non-Communist blocs b. stricter government policies on cross-border movements c. decreasing global competition d. None of the above 14. Which of the following is not a reason to study international business? a. Business conducted outside the confines of any one country is on the decline. b. Global events affect almost all companies. c. By approaching operating strategies from an international standpoint, you may be able to better obtain the resources you need. d. : The physical, social, and competitive conditions differ from country to country. 15. In a(n) ________culture, people tend to regard seemingly peripheral information as pertinent to decision making and infer meanings from things that people say either indirectly or casually. a. pragmatist b. idealist c. fatalistic d. high-context 16. _____ consists of specific learned norms based on attitudes, values, and beliefs of a group of people. a. Ethnology b. Civilization c. Culture d. Doctrine 17. A major problem when cultures collide in international business occurs when ________. . a company’s employees encounter distress because of difficulty in accepting or adjusting to foreign behaviors b. Employees disagree on the style of art for decorating the office c. Local people have no expectation that foreigners should adjust to their culture d. Companies understand and adjust to the national cultures in which they do business 18. A problem of using the nation as a reference point for cul ture is that ________. a. Nations fail to mediate the different interests within their boundaries b. Self-stereotypes tend to fall along national lines . Such an approach tends to be polycentric d. Variations tend to be great within a country 19. Creolization refers to ________. a. Government efforts to maintain a distinct cultural identity b. The process of mixing elements of an outside culture to a national culture c. The use of stereotypes to describe a culture d. Changes as cultures evolve over time 20. _____ peoples account for the largest percentage of global production. a. English-speaking b. Mandarin-speaking c. French-speaking d. Spanish-speaking

The History of Baseball Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The History of Baseball - Research Paper Example n 1908, the commission published their final report concluding that Abner Doubleday invented Baseball in the town called Cooperstown, New York in the year 1939 (John Doyle Papers 49). How they came up with such a conclusion is based on the testimonies of Abner Graves, a resident of Cooperstown. Later on, such report has been proven to be a mistake as it was discovered that Doubleday wasn’t in Cooperstown at that year. To add, Graves was convicted of murder and was sent to the asylum for being insane. Alexander Cartwright Alexander Cartwright is another popular name in the history of Baseball. In 1845, Cartwright wrote the rules of a New York baseball team called Knickerbockers. And later on, Shane Foster help revolutionized the Knickerbocker rules into the modern baseball rules of today. In 1953, the Congressed credited the invention of modern baseball to Alexander Cartwright and he was included in the Baseball Hall of Fame (Peterson 8). Although the term may not be fitting, h e is the most deserving to have the title. Alexander Cartwright was also the umpire of the first recorded baseball game in America dated June 19, 1846 in New Jersey. Knickerbocker Baseball Club and New York Baseball Club, 1846 During the year 1845, the Knickerbocker Club of New York City was making use of the Elysian Field in Hoboken, New Jersey. They were playing and practicing here as this is the only place that has soft ground to play on within the area. In 1846, the first recorded U.S. baseball game took place here with the Knickerbocker Club playing against the New York Nine (Seymour 27). The New York Nine won the game. Because of the success of this game, more amateur teams were formed. By the year 1957, the National Association of Baseball Players was formed and 25 amateur teams joined.... This research paper describes the history of baseball, the most favorite American sport. Abner Doubleday is the man believed to be the inventor of baseball. In 1939, everyone thought that Abner Doubleday was behind the sport because of a testimony of another man. However, there was no evidence to prove that he is indeed the man behind baseball. In fact, through all the papers Doubleday has written, he has never mentioned anything about being the proponent of the American sport; he never made the claim. One of the people behind this theory is Albert Spalding. In 1905, Spalding organized the Mills Commission. Members of the commission include Spalding himself, Abraham Mills, Morgan Bulkely, Arthur Gorman, Nick Young, George Wright, Alfred Reach and James Sulivan. And from this list, none of them are historians. The commission was geared towards coming up with a report on who really is the prominent man behind the sport. In 1908, the commission published their final report concluding that Abner Doubleday invented Baseball in the town called Cooperstown, New York in the year 1939. How they came up with such a conclusion is based on the testimonies of Abner Graves, a resident of Cooperstown. The paper concludes that it can take a lot of work before Baseball will gain as much popularity as leagues like the National Basketball Association or the National Football League. The proud history of the sport is the primary reason why it has survived and why baseball fans should be continuously optimistic for the future of baseball.

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Ethics - Essay Example Since infant walkers have hit the market, parents ran out and purchased the product. In 1992 30,000 injuries were related to the product and eventually the product was banned in 1994. Upon being banned makers were aware that the market for the product was out there because of the freedom it allowed infants and the way parents responded according to sales. What this meant for manufactures was that the product still had potential to make a nice amount of profit. Just because a product is banned in the United States does not mean that the product could not be sold in other countries. Most manufactures that see a potential market that will allow for large profit will pursue targeting the market. This happens every day and requires that certain individuals make either ethical or unethical business decisions. The infant walker case has many ethical and unethical business decisions behind exporting the product. An agent assigned to the case could be making ethical business decisions by expo rting the product if the agent was unaware of the ban in the United States. The company however would be making the unethical decisions by purposely hiring someone new or someone unaware of the previous injuries resulting from the product. An agent would be acting unethically if they were aware of the previous injuries and how the product has become banned.